5G Communication Module PCB Assembly Processing

♦ ​​What is PCB Assembly Processing?

PCB Assembly Processing (PCBA)​​ refers to the step-by-step manufacturing workflow where electronic components are mounted onto a bare ​​Printed Circuit Board (PCB)​​ to create a functional electronic device. It involves soldering components, testing, and quality control to ensure the final product meets design specifications.

♦ Key Stages of PCB Assembly Processing​:​​

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1. PCB Fabrication (Before Assembly)​​

• • The bare PCB is manufactured with copper traces, solder mask, and silkscreen.
  • Includes drilling holes (for through-hole components) and plating vias.

​​2. Solder Paste Application (SMT Process)​​

• • A ​​stencil​​ aligns with the PCB, and solder paste (a mix of tiny solder particles and flux) is applied to pads where components will sit.
  • Ensures precise deposition for strong solder joints.

​​3. Pick-and-Place Machine (SMT Component Mounting)​​

• • ​​Surface-Mount Devices (SMDs)​​ like resistors, capacitors, and ICs are placed automatically by a high-speed robotic machine.
  • Modern machines achieve ​​50,000+ placements per hour​​ with micron-level accuracy.

​​4. Reflow Soldering (SMT Bonding)​​

• • The PCB passes through a ​​reflow oven​​, heating the solder paste to melt and form solid electrical connections.
  • ​​Temperature profile​​ is critical to prevent defects like cold joints or tombstoning.

​​5. Through-Hole Component Insertion (THT Process, if needed)​​

• • Components with leads (e.g., connectors, large capacitors) are inserted into drilled holes.
  • Can be done manually or with automated insertion machines.

​​6. Wave Soldering (For THT Components)​​

• • The PCB moves over a molten solder wave, bonding the through-hole component leads to the board.
  • Less common today due to the dominance of SMT but still used for mixed-technology boards.

​​7. Inspection & Quality Control​​

• • ​​Automated Optical Inspection (AOI)​​ – Checks for missing/misaligned components, solder defects.
  • ​​X-ray Inspection (AXI)​​ – Examines hidden solder joints (e.g., under ​​BGA chips​​).
  • ​​Functional Testing (FCT)​​ – Powers up the PCB to verify performance.

​​8. Conformal Coating & Final Assembly (Optional)​​

• • A protective coating (e.g., silicone, acrylic) may be applied to prevent moisture, dust, and corrosion.
  • Final enclosure assembly (if part of the product).

♦ Types of PCB Assembly Processing​:​

DQS Electronic Group is one of the leading EMS company in China, we provide PCB design, PCB manufacturing, PCB assembly service and testing. Welcome send us your Gerber file to get free quotation. Our email: sales@dqspcba.com

♦ Technical Parameters

PCBA Prototype	Industrial Control PCBA	Telecom PCBA	Medical PCBA
Automotive PCBA	Consumer Electronic PCBA	LED PCBA	Security PCBA

DQS Electronic is located in Shenzhen, focusing on PCB Layout Design, PCB Fabrication, Electronic Components Sourcing, SMT, PCB Assembly and Testing. We are a one-stop EMS electronic manufacturing company committed to providing global customers with rapid prototyping and mass production.

Our products include single, double, multi, high frequency, aluminum base, copper base, FR-4 and other high precision circuit boards.

We have over 10 years of experience in serving many domestic and foreign brand customers in a wide range of fields such as Medical, Automotive, Industrial Automation, Artificial Intelligence, Smart Home, Security, Power and Communications, etc..